Inclusiveness assessment tool for disabled persons in higher education facilities

In Pakistan, girls are facing social, cultural, and structural challenges to get higher education. Researchers investigate the social and cultural constraints among girls in accessing higher education in Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. In the present study quantitative research design with a probability sampling technique was used to conduct survey research from 336 enrolled girl students in the study locale. The data was collected through a self-administered questionnaire in selected girls' colleges. The data was analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The results indicate a strong association between the lack of girls' higher education and gender roles in the study locale. The study explained that due to gender norms, girls’ higher education is socially restricted by male family members, particularly when no higher education institutions are available nearby. It is recommended that higher education facilities be established, and the community should be aware of the importance of girls’ education.

This article seeks to reinstate the concept of educational waqf in recognition of student-related financial difficulties, especially during the era of the covid-19 pandemic. Malaysia and Indonesia promote higher education among their muslim communities. However, issues of sustainability in private higher education will require some effort in the related muslim communities for the empowerment of the educational waqf for future generations. These efforts will benefit not just the students, but also the institutions of education themselves to enhance the national civilization of one country. Al-Azhar University is an example of an institution founded on waqf property, and a symbol as the world's primary and most successful Islamic higher education system due to waqf contributions. Higher education facilities are costly to operate since they need the development of permanent infrastructures such as mosques, academic and administrative buildings, dormitories, and libraries. Additionally, both physical infrastructure maintenance and human skill development need considerable financial commitment. As a result of this reality, this article contributes to a better understanding of the role of educational waqf for institutions of higher learning, particularly private universities or colleges as well as the prospects and sustainability of the institutions for the muslim community.

Facilities are a major component of colleges and universities. They play a significant role in sustaining the quality of life for students, faculty, and staff. The physical inventory supports the learning areas, living quarters, research spaces, and work areas. Facilities require capital throughout their life cycles to maintain functionality and provide adequate service for their users. Presently, the rate of deterioration in United States' higher education facilities is increasing due to constraint budgets and the accumulation of deferred maintenance. Facility performance is considerably influenced by how well the project is planned, developed, designed, and constructed; considerations of maintenance requirements during the pre-construction phase may lower the operations and maintenance cost of the facility. Therefore, it is important to take a proactive approach to plan and design better facilities. This paper presents the preliminary results of a research that focuses on the knowledge discovery in maintenance databases. Applying the knowledge discovery process to higher education maintenance databases can help to discover knowledge on the parameters that increase or decrease maintenance cost, find patterns in building systems interaction and their environment, and identify the influence of planning and design on operations and maintenance. The case study illustrates one type of data-mining goals on a facility condition assessment database. It shows the clustering of building deficiencies and how they are unique to their relative building type.

In modern conditions of social development, the requirements for future physical and occupational therapists' professional training are changing.
 In order to train highly qualified specialists ready for professional activities in today's changing conditions, it is necessary to form their self-educational competence.
 In order to be competitive in the labor market, it is necessary to increase one’s potential during self-education activities. This determines the relevance of the formation of self-educational competence of future physical rehabilitators, occupational therapists during their studies at higher education institutions.
 In this article, we aim to substantiate the need for the formation of self-educational competence in future specialists in physical therapy and occupational therapy during their studies at higher education institutions.
 It has been established that self-educational competence is an integral component of the professional adequacy of a physiotherapist and an occupational therapist. This competence includes the ability to acquire knowledge independently and understand the importance of education throughout life.
 It was determined that the formed self-educational competence of future physiotherapy specialists ensures their professional mobility, competitiveness in the labor market and promotes the development of adaptive skills.
 It is emphasized that the formation of self-learning competence is a continuous process carried out throughout a specialist's entire professional activity.
 The importance of forming basic skills and components of self-educational competence to enable students to carry out the process of self-education in the future is highlighted.
 The relevance of the development of self-educational competence of future specialists, in particular of physical and occupational therapy in current conditions of remote studying, was noted.
 It has been established that today's conditions require restructuring the principle of cooperation between teachers and students by reducing classroom classes, devoting more time for independent processing of educational material, as well as optimization of methodical support of the educational process etc.
 The purpose of the research: to theoretically substantiate the need for the formation of self-educational competence in future specialists in physical and occupational therapy during their studies in institutions of higher education.
 Materials and methods: systematic analysis of scientific literature; theoretical generalization and systematization of information about the formation of self-educational competence of future physical and occupational therapy specialists during professional training in higher education institutions.
 As a result of the research, it was concluded that there is a high demand in society for physical and occupational therapists who can independently acquire knowledge and master new methods and technologies.
 That is why it is necessary that their professional self-development training should be carried out during studying in higher education facilities.
 Graduates of higher education institutions must maintain scientific knowledge, effective techniques, and skills that allow them to adapt independently and quickly in a changing information environment.
 We believe that the ability of students to self-educate and the desire to improve their skills contribute to the improvement of the quality of higher education.

Combining the two words Education and Administration brings a new meaning to the word. The word Education Administration refers to the art of administering educational practices, coaching, and developing control systems for schools. It also refers to online professional coaches of education who help with classroom lessons and learning. In today's world, educators should use online resources more often in their teaching methods to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. During the ongoing pandemic Covid-19, researchers investigate the impact education administration has on an educational institution's quality development. In 2020, a study took place at one of Palembang, South Sumatra's higher education facilities using both qualitative and quantitative methods. This was done at the University of PGRI Palembang.

Combining the two words Education and Administration brings a new meaning to the word. The word Education Administration refers to the art of administering educational practices, coaching, and developing control systems for schools. It also refers to online professional coaches of education who help with classroom lessons and learning. In today's world, educators should use online resources more often in their teaching methods to combat the Covid-19 pandemic. During the ongoing pandemic Covid-19, researchers investigate the impact education administration has on an educational institution's quality development. In 2020, a study took place at one of Palembang, South Sumatra's higher education facilities using both qualitative and quantitative methods. This was done at the University of PGRI Palembang.

The increasing number of Persons with Disabilities (PWDs) in Malaysia,as registered with the Department of Social Welfare until the end of 2020, estimated at 570,000, requires attention. PWDs are part of Malaysian society and should be granted equal rights and opportunities to live their lives easily. However, achieving this equality is not an easy task today. PWDs face various factors and challenges due to negative attitudes and discrimination deeply ingrained in society. Therefore, this study aims to explore the facilities and inclusivity in higher education for PWDs. It presents an exploratory study based on selected previous research regarding higher education for students with special needs in Malaysia. The research utilized a selection approach of 10 chosen articles to explore issues, management, and implementation efforts to create a PWD-friendly environment. The study found that educational facilities at the higher education level have been established, such as specially constructed parking spaces for PWDs. The study suggests the need for further improvements in other infrastructural aspects, such as wheelchair-friendly pathways, special routes for the visually impaired, and so on. The success of inclusive higher education for PWDs should involve a proactive environment in combating the neglect of PWDs in national development. Hopefully, these ideas can contribute to the construction of an inclusive environment within educational institutions. The study also suggests future research on the moral aspects of society towards PWDs.

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has experienced a huge investment from the government in many sectors such as health, education, infrastructure, and so on. A special focus has been given to the higher education sector. This is because education, and higher education in particular, is key for the development of any country. To realise this, the government is spending almost a quarter of the national budget on higher education. The numbers of universities have risen from 8 to 28 public universities. Every province in the Kingdom has at least one public university and other private tertiary education organisations. To accommodate all these institutions, campuses are built in phases. This research investigated sustainability aspects in Saudi Arabian university campuses. It examined some sustainability policies, practices, and operations that are and will always be of great importance to higher education institutions. The investigation involved scientific methods of collecting data in which around 40 interviews were conducted, 2,000 questionnaires were collected, and 12 campuses were observed. This research has attempted to highlight the importance of sustainability in higher education institutions so that policy- and decision-makers are fully aware of the great benefits of becoming more sustainable. This research has documented the recent developments in higher education facilities in the Kingdom. It not only assessed and reported sustainability aspects in university campuses, but also tried to find solutions. Therefore, planning guidelines and an implementation plan were proposed. The planning guidelines shed some light on key issues in campus planning and design, as well as sustainability policies, practices, and operations in universities. The implementation plan is a practical six-step plan that universities in Saudi Arabia need to take into account in order to approach sustainability holistically. The plan consists of steps and each step has a number of actions to be taken by certain individuals, agencies, and university departments within a specific time framework. The planning guidelines and the implementation plan were developed for both existing and future universities. They were not only grounded principally on evidence-based results derived from this research, but also on policies emulated from well-known best practices worldwide. This means that some policies were developed based on scientific findings of this study, whereas others were adopted from supplementary literature of real cases. This indicates that lessons were drawn from both local and international contexts for the sake of advancing sustainability aspects in Saudi Arabian universities and elsewhere.

Inclusive design is about designing accessible spaces for individuals with different needs. It beholds the ability to affect people's behaviour in the built environment, especially People With Disability (PWDs). Inclusive design aims to remove the barriers that hinder the accessibility and interaction of PWDs within their surroundings, enabling equal opportunities and expanding the scope of their activities. Ensuring an inclusive environment is the responsibility of architects, planners, engineers and facility managers. It is essential to ensure that buildings' design and operation align with inclusive principles through regular assessments. Many comprehensive assessment tools have been developed by scholars and used in the industry. Still, when issues arise like insufficient funding, the decision-makers should be able to prioritize inclusive design criteria in a defined assessment checklist. Addressing accessibility at the building level is particularly important to provide a suitable environment that facilitates users' interaction with the built environment. This study aims to identify prioritized accessibility assessment criteria for PWDs in higher education facilities through the lens of experts and to provide justifications for selecting the highest and lowest priorities. A targeted sampling methodology was adopted for the semi-structured interviews. Findings include a list of the highest and lowest prioritized criteria, identification of criteria with significant differences, justifications for selections and a close-up look into the influence of experts' experience on the criteria rankings. Furthermore, this paper provides insight into significant inclusive design criteria for improved FM decision-making processes and the strategy for managing the challenges of inclusive design in new and existing facilities.

Modeling global transfusion medicine education.

ПРОФЕСІОНАЛІЗМ ВИКЛАДАЧІВ ВВНЗ ЯК СКЛАДОВА ВНУТРІШНЬОЇ СИСТЕМИ ГАРАНТУВАННЯ ЯКОСТІ ВИЩОЇ ВІЙСЬКОВІЙ ОСВІТИ

The history of women's engagement with the academy has been characterised by exclusion and inequality. Seven decades ago, Virginia Woolf1 asked: Do we want to join the procession or don't we? On wh...

The aim of the paper is to explicate the narrative of waqf fund for funding higher educational institutions (HEIs) in Bangladesh. nowadays, there is the reason for preventing students to pursue their higher education which is costly matters. This paper highlights some problems in implementing waqf fund for financing HEIs in Bangladesh and offer some Easier way to overcome this condition through the implementation of a waqf fund based HEIs. As a qualitative approach, data were gathered by conducting the interview from directors, academician and scholar those who have expertise on the waqf fund-based financing HEIs in Bangladesh. In addition, a review of Waqf literature is placed to examine the present status of Waqf in Bangladesh. The results show that the position of the waqf fund is essential for contributing to the society of Bangladesh and strengthening its financial stability. Taking into consideration that needs and suitable for the higher educational institutions, some problems, and possible solutions have been discussed for the country in order for a transformation in higher education facilities. At the same time, some prospects have been proposed for the country. Raising funds by collecting Hibah /donation, raising funds by different activities and promoting funds from alumni have been proposed for higher education in Bangladesh. This paper discusses the experience of waqf fund implementation in some Malaysian higher educational institutions. It also contains observations from the experience of several past universities.

A higher educational student spends around 3-8 years in institutional buildings. Thus, it is of a prime importance to maintain proper Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) in lecture theatres in higher educational institutions as inadequate IEQ will lead to Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) and Building Related Illnesses (BRI). When it comes to the Sri Lankan context, there are only limited studies done on assessing the IEQ in institutional buildings. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to assess the IEQ of lecture halls by considering various parameters such as indoor air quality, thermal comfort, visual comfort and acoustic comfort for mechanically ventilated lecture halls. This study has investigated whether IEQ of the higher education facilities complies with the American society of heating, refrigerating and air-conditioning engineers (ASHRAE) standard which is the current standard we are using in Sri Lanka for the IEQ assessment. The study has also performed a qualitative assessment of the IEQ through questionnaire surveys with the students and assessed whether it there is a co-relation with the IEQ and SBS. Five different lecture theatres of different indoor environmental conditions at University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Faculty of Applied Sciences premises were selected to carry out the investigation. Different IEQ parameters such as thermal comfort, indoor air quality, visual comfort and acoustic comfort were measured with using specific instruments. Quantitative data collection was done throughout a semester and qualitative data collection was done using a questionnaire. A statistical data analysis was conducted to assess whether there are co-relations between the IEQ and the SBS symptoms for the particular lecture halls.The results have shown that some of the lecture theatres have exceeded standard values of indoor CO2 levels when compared to the ASHRAE standards. However, it could be improved by allocating the students with the proper occupant density.There were some disturbances to the acoustic comfort in certain lecture halls due to some ventilation machineries. The results of this study could be used for the future improvements in designing of the lecture theatres for the higher education facilities in Sri Lanka. Keywords: Indoor environmental quality (IEQ), Sick building syndrome (SBS), Building related illnesses (BRI)

Colombia's rural areas have suffered from government neglect, exacerbating their difficulties in relation to geographic isolation and meeting basic needs. These were some of the main reasons for guerrillas to initiate an armed conflict in the 1960s, trying to expand their forces and control through the rural and remote areas of the country. In this sense, it is necessary to construct new categories of rurality in Colombia, considering the armed conflict and the typology of isolation as variables that help policymakers and planners to make better decisions. Based on 27 municipalities in the department of Caldas in Colombia, three accessibility measures were assessed to define isolated areas: geographical accessibility, access to health facilities and access to higher education. Health facilities were measured in three scenarios according to the flow of health care defined by the government. Higher education scenarios were defined according to Ministry of Education levels. Travel time was used as an attribute to calculate the isolation index of municipalities and was calculated using the Google Distance Matrix API using Python v3.7. As a measure of accessibility, a travel time limit was defined to delimit isolated areas. This variable was then added to the categories of rurality and armed conflict to produce the isolation typology by municipality. A strong correlation was found between all variables. Considering geographical accessibility, 20.3% of Caldas' population is isolated. The isolated population rises from 12.2% at the first level of health care to 43.2% of the population at the third level, and 39.5% of the inhabitants are far from universities. The municipalities highly affected by the armed conflict are more isolated in terms of travel time to health care and higher education facilities than those that were not affected. The isolation typology complements the Colombian rurality categories and can help governments make decisions about investments in road infrastructure, health, and education. In addition, some non-rural municipalities were found to be isolated, showing low accessibility to health and higher education, and the government should pay more attention to these areas. The government's neglect of municipalities highly affected by the armed conflict is shown by their continued isolation rates. The government should invest more and better in these areas taking into account this method of decision making. The typology of isolation could help the government to better plan care pathways for patients with complex health needs. In addition, it could help determine the investment for upgrading an existing hospital or building a new one, taking into account underserved areas. In terms of higher education, the isolation typology could help to understand where the community is underserved and initiate investment policies to improve access to higher education for its population.