Incidence of thromboembolism in children with primary nephrotic syndrome: a systematic review and metaanalysis

Abstract

ObjectiveTo estimate the incidence of thromboembolism in children with primary nephrotic syndrome with Meta-analysis.MethodsRelevant studies published from January 1, 1980 to December 31, 2021 were retrieved from Pubmed, Web of science, Cochrane library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database(VIP) and Wangfang Database. Quality evaluation of the literatures included was conducted according to Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality(AHRQ) assessment tool, followed by data extraction and Meta-analysis with software RevMan 5.3.ResultsA total of seven studies involving 3675 subjects were included. The overall prevalence was 4.9% with 95% CI of 2.83 to 7.05.However, a significant heterogeneity (P < 0.001) was observed with I2 = 89%. The prevalence of venous thromboembolism was 3.3% with 95% CI of 1.7 to 4.9. The prevalence of arterial thromboembolism was 0.5% with 95% CI of 0.2 to 1.4.ConclusionChildren with nephrotic syndrome are prone to thromboembolism, and it may lead to disability or death, therefore prevention measures is critical to decreasing the prevalence of thromboembolism.