Incidence of malignant neoplasms at radiation-hazardous facilities

Abstract

Introduction. Authors present information on the results of social and hygienic monitoring of personnel’s health status at hazardous radiation facilities and the assigned contingent of healthcare institutions of Russia’s FMBA. The main causal patterns of the influence of risk factors on morbidity and mortality from malignant neoplasms (MNO) among employees of enterprises and the attached contingent of organizations served by healthcare institutions of the FMBA of Russia were revealed. Material and methods. The object of the study was the data on malignant neoplasms obtained from the Federal State Budgetary Institution FTSITEP FMBA of Russia and the Branch Medical and Dosimetric Register of the A.I. Burnazyan FMBA of Russia for 2012-2016. Comparative data of official medical statistics on the incidence of malignant neoplasms and mortality from them in the contingent served by FMBA hospitals, according to the nosological forms of ICD-10 and age groups with similar indices in Russia as a whole, were studied and analyzed (“NMITs Radiology” of the Ministry of Health of Russia). Results. An increase in the incidence of malignant neoplasms in Russia’s FMBA for 2012-2016 (328.4-359.6) and the Russian Federation (367.3-408.6) was noted. 9, which is significantly less than the all-Russian indices (201.0-201.6). The annual mortality rate in 2016 was lower in Russia’s FMBA patients (17.7%) than in the Russian Federation (23.3%). The five-year survival rate in Russia’s FMBA was close to that in the Russian Federation (49.9-54.3%.) It was noted that the largest number of cancer cases was observed in the older age groups: 40-59 years: 23.3-26.6%; 60-85 years: 72.2-68.3%, the same as in the Russian Federation. Conclusion. The research results can become the basis for the development of measures for medical and social rehabilitation of employees of enterprises and organizations served by medical and preventive institutions of the FMBA of Russia and the assigned contingent. In the area of the location of hazardous radiation facilities, constant monitoring and analysis of indicators of cancer incidence, carried out at a personal level using register technologies, is required.