Incidence of gummy smile in Han adolescents

Abstract

Objective To investigate the incidence and characteristics of gummy smile in Han adolescents. Methods A self-imposed questionnaire of gummy smile was used. Gummy condition of 1156 Han people in Chongqing Medical University were measured when they smiled and displayed 8 maxillary anterior teeth. Smiles were divided into four categories (no gummy smile under 2 mm, gummy smile: mild 2-3 mm, moderate 3-4 mm, severe >4 mm). To investigate incidence of gummy smile, the differences between women and man groups and urban and rural groups were compared. Five examiners evaluated esthetics of mild, moderate and severe gummy smile. Results Incidence of gummy smile in Han adolescents was 17.91% (207). Incidence of mild, moderate and severe gummy smile were 10.03% (116), 6.22% (72) and 1.64% (19), respectively. Incidence of gummy smile in women 19.41% (172) was higher than men 12.96% (35) (P<0.05). There was no statistical difference between urban and rural groups. Conclusions Incidence of gummy smile is high in Han adolescents with a greater prevelance in females as compared to males. Severe gummy smile affects the esthetics severely and needs for treatment in order to improve self-image. Key words: Gummy smile; Han adolescents; Incidence