Incidence and Types of Congenital Anomalies in Newborns of Yazd Hospitals during Six Years (2016- 2021) Based on National Mother and Newborn Health Registration System

Abstract

Background: Congenital anomalies are responsible for a remarkable proportion of disability and mortality in newborns. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the incidence and types of congenital anomalies in newborns born in Yazd hospitals during the years 2016 to 2021.
 Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the data of all live births from 2016 to 2021 in hospitals of Yazd were extracted from the database of the National Mother and Newborn Health Registration System of Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences.
 Results: From a total of 151,566 live births during six years, congenital anomalies were seen in 1338 (0.88%) newborns. The most common congenital anomalies involved the cardiovascular system (0.31%), followed by musculoskeletal anomalies (0.16%), gastrointestinal tract (0.14%), and genital system (0.1%), respectively. The incidence increased from 0.63% in 2016 to 1.05% in 2021, with the highest incidence observed in 2020 (1.31%).
 Conclusion: The incidence of congenital anomalies in Yazd is lower than in most studies in Iran. However, shows an increasing trend over the years which can be due to the improvement of diagnostic methods especially in the case of congenital heart anomalies. However, more extensive studies on maternal risk factors and neonatal outcomes are needed