Abstract
Mechanical barriers prevent the invasion of the surrounding soft tissues within the bone defects. This concept is known as Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). The knowledge about the local tissue reaction and the time of degradation of absorbable membranes favors the correct clinical indication. This study aimed to evaluate the biocompatibility and biodegradation of a bovine collagen membrane (Lyostypt®, São Gonçalo, Brazil) and compare it to a porcine collagen membrane (Bio-Gide®) implanted in the subcutaneous tissue of mice, following ISO 10993-6:2016. Thirty Balb-C mice were randomly divided into three experimental groups, LT (Lyostypt®), BG (Bio-Gide®), and Sham (without implantation), and subdivided according to the experimental periods (7, 21, and 63 days). The BG was considered non-irritant at seven days and slight and moderate irritant at 21 and 63 days, respectively. The LT presented a small irritant reaction at seven days, a mild reaction after 21, and a reduction in the inflammatory response at 63 days. The biodegradation of the LT occurred more rapidly compared to the BG after 63 days. This study concluded that both membranes were considered biocompatible since their tissue reactions were compatible with the physiological inflammatory process; however, the Bio-Gide® was less degraded during the experimental periods, favoring the guided bone regeneration process.
Highlights
IntroductionSeveral types of resorbable membranes are currently available on the market and have been tested in many studies in the field of periodontics and guided bone regeneration with great success.These membranes could be made from a group of natural polymers, such as collagen, and different types of synthetic polymers, such as aliphatic polyesters (e.g., polylactic or polyglycolic acid), or a combination of both [1,2].Collagen comprises approximately 30% of the protein present in vertebrates and is present primarily in tissues with mechanical functions [3]
Several types of resorbable membranes are currently available on the market and have been tested in many studies in the field of periodontics and guided bone regeneration with great success.These membranes could be made from a group of natural polymers, such as collagen, and different types of synthetic polymers, such as aliphatic polyesters, or a combination of both [1,2].Collagen comprises approximately 30% of the protein present in vertebrates and is present primarily in tissues with mechanical functions [3]
The LT presented a trend that increased in the presence of polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes, plasma cells, and macrophages surrounding the membrane
Summary
Several types of resorbable membranes are currently available on the market and have been tested in many studies in the field of periodontics and guided bone regeneration with great success.These membranes could be made from a group of natural polymers, such as collagen, and different types of synthetic polymers, such as aliphatic polyesters (e.g., polylactic or polyglycolic acid), or a combination of both [1,2].Collagen comprises approximately 30% of the protein present in vertebrates and is present primarily in tissues with mechanical functions [3]. Several types of resorbable membranes are currently available on the market and have been tested in many studies in the field of periodontics and guided bone regeneration with great success These membranes could be made from a group of natural polymers, such as collagen, and different types of synthetic polymers, such as aliphatic polyesters (e.g., polylactic or polyglycolic acid), or a combination of both [1,2]. It is resistant to tension, has controllable biodegradability, is noncytotoxic, has low antigenicity, and has excellent anti-inflammatory characteristics [4] It is naturally reabsorbed by organisms, easy to manipulate, and has a molecular structure with little variance concerning the animal from which the collagen is extracted, leading to improved immunogenicity [7,8,9]
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