Abstract
Purpose To investigate the potential of different scaffolds in bladder wall construction, using bladder as a bioreactor. Material and Methods Forty rabbits were divided into 10 groups. The control group underwent classical autoaugmentation (G1). In all other groups, different scaffolds were implanted between bladder mucosa and seromuscular layer. A biopsy of 10x5 mm2 full thickness of bladder was dissected. The smooth muscle cell (SMC) and urothelial cell (UC) layers were separated and minced into 20 fragments. The SMC fragments were seeded on mucosal layer and UC fragments were placed on 2x1cm2 framed scaffold under seromuscular layer.The scaffolds used in each groups were as follow: G2:acellular pericardium, G3:biofilm, G4:Polyglycolic Acid (PGA) as a biodegradable scaffold, G5:biofilm-coated acellular pericardium, G6:PGA-coated pericardium, G7:Pericardium-coated Biofilm, G8:PGA-coated Biofilm, G9:Pericarduim-coated PGA, and G10:Biofilm-coated PGA. After 2 and 6 weeks, biopsies were performed for histologic examinations and then the recombinant bladder tissue layers were grafted to the remaining host bladder. Biopsies at 1month intervals were obtained for determination of CD31/34, SMC α-actin, and cytokeratin AE1/AE3, following cystometry. Results Histopathological examinations revealed granulation in G3, 5, 7, 8, and 10.Bladder wall frames in G2 and 6 demonstrated organized bladder wall generation in two different expanded layers with mature UCs and SMCs and showed a significant bladder capacity increment as compared with other groups(P Conclusions Our results demonstrated effective role of tissue-engineered pericardium as a potential scaffold for SMC and UC seeding in bladder wall acting as a natural bioreactor. The biodegradable scaffolds could be also helpful in association with acellular matrixes in improvement of cell attachment and optimizing the in-vivo bladder wall construction for bladder auto augmentation.
Published Version
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