In Vivo and In Vitro Elution of Analgesics from Multilayered Poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide Nanofibers Incorporated Ureteral Stents

Yi-Chia Lin,Demei Lee,Shih-Jung Liu,Kuo-Sheng Liu,Hiroshi Ito,Min-Jhan Li

doi:10.1155/2018/4943210

Yi-Chia Lin, Demei Lee + Show 4 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/4943210

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Abstract

We develop novel analgesic-eluting nanofiber-incorporated ureteral stents that offer sustained release of lidocaine and ketorolac for local drug delivery. Lidocaine and poly(D,L)-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) were dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol and were electrospun into nonwoven nanofibers onto the surface of ureteral stents. This was followed by electrospinning of another layer of PLGA nanofibers containing ketorolac. Electrospun drug-loaded nanofibers were then characterized using scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and water contact angle analysis. In addition, the elution behavior characteristics of the analgesics, both in vivo and in vitro, from the nanofiber-incorporated stents were evaluated. Experimental results indicate that the analgesic-eluting ureteral stents could liberate high strengths of analgesics in vitro and in vivo for at least 50 and 30 days, respectively. The analgesic-eluting nanofiber-incorporated ureteral stents are potentially applicable for alleviating the discomfort associated with stent implant.

Highlights

Ureteral stents have been used to reestablish or maintain the ureter patency and are one of the most common devices used by urologists [1, 2]
The absorbance peak near 1300 cm−1 could be from enhancement in the C-O bonds in the analgesics [4, 5]
The spectra resolution confirms the successful embedment of analgesics in the PLGA matrix

Summary

Introduction

Ureteral stents have been used to reestablish or maintain the ureter patency and are one of the most common devices used by urologists [1, 2]. For those requiring short-term stenting, pain and discomfort caused by the device are the most common complaints, especially during activity and urination. Stent-related pain has been reported by more than 80% of patients [3]. Stent pain pathophysiology is influenced by several factors and can likely be the result of mucosal irritation together with retrograde reflux of urine. A wide variety of medications have been administered to treat ureteral stent discomfort

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