Abstract
ABSTRACTPoly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is a biodegradable and biocompatible elastomer that has been used in a wide range of biomedical applications. While a porous format is common for tissue engineering scaffolds, to allow cell ingrowth, PGS degradation has been primarily studied in a nonporous format. The purpose of this research was to investigate the degradation of porous PGS at three frequently used cure temperatures: 120°C, 140°C, and 165°C. The thermal, chemical, mechanical, and morphological changes were examined using thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, compression testing, and scanning electron microscopy. Over the course of the 16-week degradation study, the samples’ pores collapsed. The specimens cured at 120°C demonstrated the most degradation and became gel-like after 16 weeks. Thermal changes were most evident in the 120°C and 140°C cure PGS specimens, as shifts in the melting and recrystallization temperatures occurred. Porous samples cured at all three temperatures displayed a decrease in compressive modulus after 16 weeks. Thisin vitrostudy helped to elucidate the effects of porosity and cure temperature on the biodegradation of PGS and will be valuable for the design of future PGS scaffolds.
Highlights
! Macroscopic images show gelation of 120°C cure after 16 weeks, reduction in size of 140°C cure, and maintained integrity of shape for 165°C cure! ! SEM images show pore shrinkage by week 12 especially in 120°C cure!
! Poly(glycerol sebacate) (PGS) is mechanically tunable from degree of crosslinking
! Increased cure temperature ! increased % transmittance! ! Absorbance peak at ~1730 cm-1 represents C=O double bond! ! Porous 120°C cure samples begins to exhibit 1700 cm-1 peak, evidence of PGS crosslink breakdown! ! No changes observed in 140°C or 165°C cure!
Summary
! Macroscopic images show gelation of 120°C cure after 16 weeks, reduction in size of 140°C cure, and maintained integrity of shape for 165°C cure! ! SEM images show pore shrinkage by week 12 especially in 120°C cure!. ! Macroscopic images show gelation of 120°C cure after 16 weeks, reduction in size of 140°C cure, and maintained integrity of shape for 165°C cure! ! SEM images show pore shrinkage by week 12 especially in 120°C cure! Accordion-like honey comb PGS scaffolds without and with cultured neonatal rat heart cells2! ! PGS is mechanically tunable from degree of crosslinking
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