Abstract
We evaluated cellular responses to polymer-treated gold nanorods, which were synthesizedusing the standard wet-chemistry method that utilizes hexadecyltrimethylammoniumbromide (CTAB). The nanorod dispersions were coated with either polystyrene sulfonate(PSS) or polyethylene glycol (PEG). Two sizes of nanorods were tested, with opticalresponses peaking at 628 and 773 nm. The cells were from mammary adenocarcinoma(SKBR3), Chinese Hamster Ovary (CHO), mouse myoblast (C2C12) and HumanLeukemia (HL60) cell lines. Their mitochondrial function following exposure to thenanorods were assessed using the MTS assay. We found PEGylated particlesto have superior biocompatibility compared with PSS-coated nanorods, whichshowed substantial cytotoxicity. Electron microscopy showed no cellular uptake ofPEGylated particles compared with their PSS counterparts. PEGylated gold nanorodsalso exhibited better dispersion stability in the presence of cell growth medium;PSS-coated rods tended to flocculate or cluster. In the case of the PSS particles,toxicity correlated with surface area across the two sizes of nanorods studied.
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