Abstract
Infections caused by parasites in humans represent one of the main public health concerns. Amoebiasis, a parasitic infection caused by Entamoeba histolytica (E. histolytica), is considered endemic in Mexico, where Argemone mexicana (A. mexicana) has been used in traditional medicine to treat intestinal parasitic diseases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the potential biological activity of A. mexicana on E. histolytica. For this purpose, a methanolic extract was prepared from A. mexicana leaves, and a differential fractionation was carried out with solvents of different polarities. The inhibitory capacities of the extract and its fractions were evaluated in vitro using HM1-IMSS, a strain of Entamoeba histolytica. A. mexicana extract was found to have a growth-inhibiting activity for E. histolytica, showing IC50 = 78.39 μg/mL. The extract was characterized phytochemically, and the methanolic extract fractions were analyzed by liquid chromatography (HPLC) and mass spectrometry (MS). Berberine and jatrorrhizine were present in the active fractions, and these compounds may be responsible for the antiparasitic activity. The identification of amoebicidal activity of A. mexicana on E. histolytica gives support to the traditional use. Further studies with berberine and jatrorrhizine will be carried out to understand the mechanism involved.
Highlights
Parasitosis represents a global health problem, with intestinal parasites being one of the main causes of morbidity.is type of disease is closely linked to poverty and poor hygienic and sanitary conditions, so it appears more frequently in developing countries, especially in geographical areas where the ecological conditions favor the persistence of parasite [1]
Amoebiasis is acquired by ingesting E. histolytica cysts in contaminated food or water. is disease is a major health problem, according to the Global Burden of Disease Study conducted in 2013 [2]
50 million people are affected by E. histolytica each year, and of these, approximately 100,000 die [3]
Summary
Parasitosis represents a global health problem, with intestinal parasites being one of the main causes of morbidity. Is type of disease is closely linked to poverty and poor hygienic and sanitary conditions, so it appears more frequently in developing countries, especially in geographical areas where the ecological conditions favor the persistence of parasite [1]. E. histolytica is one of the most common parasites and is the causative agent of human amoebiasis. Infections with this parasite have different clinical manifestations, including diarrhea, dysentery, and liver abscess. Is disease is a major health problem, according to the Global Burden of Disease Study conducted in 2013 [2]. Intestinal infections by protozoa, such as amoebiasis, are the third leading cause of death in the world
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