Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic peel extracts of Punica granatum and Citrus sinensis on total phenolics, total antioxidants, and radical scavenging activities using different in vitro models.
 Methods: Pomegranate and orange fruits at the maturity stage were manually peeled, washed, and air dried before extraction. Dried peels were grinded, weighed, and extracted with 95% ethanol and were used for in vitro analysis. Different concentrations of extracts for each peel were prepared. Total phenolics content, total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging activities of each peel extract were estimated in the form of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent assay, phosphomolybdenum assay, hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay, and superoxide free radical scavenging assay, respectively.
 Results: The ethanolic peel extracts of P. granatum and C. sinensis showed significant increased total phenolic contents and total antioxidant activity. Furthermore, radical scavenging activity (hydroxyl and superoxide) was found to be significant in both ethanolic peel extracts.
 Conclusion: It can be concluded from the study that the ethanolic peel extracts of P. granatum and C. sinensis has potential antioxidant and antiradical activity.
Highlights
Several epidemiological and pharmacological studies evidenced that plants contain biologically active components that contributes health benefits and protects against degenerative diseases
Total antioxidant capacity, and free radical scavenging activities of each peel extract were estimated in the form of Folin–Ciocalteu reagent (FCR) assay, phosphomolybdenum assay (PMA), hydroxyl free radical scavenging assay, and superoxide free radical scavenging assay, respectively
FCR assay The total phenolics content assay was performed by FCR assay
Summary
Several epidemiological and pharmacological studies evidenced that plants contain biologically active components (e.g., free radical scavengers) that contributes health benefits and protects against degenerative diseases. Oxygen radicals and lipid peroxides have been known for their supposed role in the etiology of many in vivo pathological reactions such as aging and cancer. In this regard, epidemiological studies have shown that consumption of fruits and vegetables is inversely associated with morbidity and mortality of cardio and cerebrovascular diseases and certain types of cancers [1,2]. Many fruits contain different types of antioxidants, such as ascorbic acid, flavonoids, and tannins, which are supposed to play a very important role in the prevention of diseases. It was stated that besides their endogenous defenses, the consumption of dietary antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, play a key role in protecting against reactive oxygen species [3]
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