Abstract
Free radical scavenging ability of both pulp and peel of Manilkara zapota (sapota) were tested against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+), peroxynitrites and lipid peroxidation generated in vitro. Both ethanolic and methanolic extracts of pulp and peel of sapota were subjected to in vitro free radical scavenging assays like DPPH, ABTS+, nitric oxide and lipid peroxidation inhibition assays. Total antioxidant capacity assay to confirm the antioxidant potential and preliminary phytochemical screening and phytochemical content like total phenols and flavonoids was also carried out by standard methods. In this study, the results indicates that peel extracts of sapota showed highest radical scavenging potential and high antioxidant activity compared to pulp extracts. In addition, ethanolic extract of peel exhibited highest flavonoid and total phenol contents. Among the ethanolic and methanolic extracts of sapota, ethanolic peel exhibited least IC50 value which indicates high potential for multiple radical scavenging activity. The preliminary study carried out confirms the significant free radical scavenging potential of the sapota peel extracts which indicates its potential health benefits. Key words: Free radicals, antioxidants, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), ABTS, lipid peroxidation, flavonoids, total phenols
Highlights
Free radicals are produced by normal aerobic metabolism and are necessary to life
The results indicates that peel extracts of sapota showed highest radical scavenging potential and high antioxidant activity compared to pulp extracts
All cells have some capacity of repairing oxidative damage to proteins and DNA, they are not able to cope with excessive damage
Summary
Free radicals are produced by normal aerobic metabolism and are necessary to life. Our immune system needs free radicals to fight against invading bacteria and virus. Increasing evidence suggests that these free radicals may bring about oxidative damage to DNA, proteins and lipids and play a major role in the development of many diseases, like cancer, cataracts, heart diseases and aging in general (Shui and Leong, 2006). All cells have some capacity of repairing oxidative damage to proteins and DNA, they are not able to cope with excessive damage. Some of the important synthetic antioxidants of this class are butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxyl toluene, terbutyl hydroquinone (TBHQ), propyl gallate (PG) and tocopherols. The use of some synthetic antioxidants has been restricted because of Abbreviations: ROS, Reactive oxygen species; BHA, butylated hydroxyanisole; TBHQ, terbutyl hydroquinone; PG, propyl gallate; ABTS, 2,2 -azino-bis
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