In vitro release study of electrospun poly(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin nanofiber mats loaded with 5-fluorouracil

Abstract

The electrospinning process was used to successfully encapsulate an anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), into poly(ε-caprolactone)/gelatin (Gel) nanofiber mats (5-FU-PCL/Gel NFs). Nanofibers are recognized to be potential carriers for the delivery of anticancer drugs. One of the safest solvent systems for making PCL/Gel NF mats is the formic acid/acetic acid (FA/AA) solvent system. A compound solution jet was drawn from a customized coaxial spinneret using a high potential electric field of 20 kV. The loading of 5-FU with three different concentrations (5, 10, and 15 wt.%) improved PCL stabilization in the FA/AA system. The miscibility of the blended polymers in the electrospun nanofibers mats and 5-FU being well distributed in the nanofiber matrix was investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD). In vitro 5-FU release from electrospun PCL/Gel NF mats revealed sustained release from the nanofiber mats, whereas slower release was found when higher concentrations of 5-FU were used. The produced electrospun PCL/Gel NF mats were studied by SEM, FTIR, TGA, and DSC. According to a study on drug release kinetics, 5-FU was released from PCl/Gel NFs in a diffusion-controlled pattern.