In vitro Propagation of Endemic Species Mahonia Jaunsarensis Ahrendt Through Callus Culture.

Abstract

Mahonia jaunsarensis Ahrendt (Family Berberidaceae) an endemic species was successfully propagated in vitro. An efficient propagation protocol has been developed first time. The callus cultures were established from leaf explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D; 1µM) and resulted 70% callus induction with green compact callus. When callus was transferred to MS medium containing Thidiazuron (TDZ; 0.75µM), maximum average number of shoot (3.06) produced but shoot length (3.37cm) and average leaf number (2.87) was increased upon transfer to MS medium containing N6-benzylaminopurine (BA; 6.0µM) plus α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.5µM). In MS medium containing indole-3-butyric acid (IBA; 0.01µM), the maximum rooting percentage (56%) and average root number (2.56) per shoot and root length (3.33cm) were recorded. The rooted plantlets transferred in vermiculite + garden soil + farmyard manure (1:1:1) with maximum (55%) survival percentage under greenhouse condition. The phytochemical analysis of leaves obtained from tissue culture-raised plants revealed significantly higher levels of alkaloids (berberine and palmatine) than those obtained from wild plants. Similar trends were observed for antioxidant and antimutagenic activities. Results of this study offer a baseline for the conservation and sustainable utilization strategies forM. jaunsarensis.