In vitro Pharmacokinetic Cell Culture System that Simulates Physiologic Drug and Nanoparticle Exposure to Macrophages

Abstract

An in vitro dynamic pharmacokinetic (PK) cell culture system was developed to more precisely simulate physiologic nanoparticle/drug exposure. A dynamic PK cell culture system was developed to more closely reflect physiologic nanoparticle/drug concentrations that are changing with time. Macrophages were cultured in standard static and PK cell culture systems with rifampin (RIF; 5μg/ml) or β-glucan, chitosan coated, poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (GLU-CS-PLGA) nanoparticles (RIF equivalent 5μg/ml) for 6h. Intracellular RIF concentrations were measured by UPLC/MS. Antimicrobial activity against M. smegmatis was tested in both PK and static systems. The dynamic PK cell culture system mimics a one-compartment elimination pharmacokinetic profile to properly mimic in vivo extracellular exposure. GLU-CS-PLGA nanoparticles increased intracellular RIF concentration by 37% compared to free drug in the dynamic cell culture system. GLU-CS-PLGA nanoparticles decreased M. smegmatis colony forming units compared to free drug in the dynamic cell culture system. The PK cell culture system developed herein enables more precise simulation of human PK exposure (i.e., drug dosing and drug elimination curves) based on previously obtained PK parameters.