Abstract
In vitro metabolism of retinoic acid in hamster intestine and liver.
Highlights
The metabolism of retinoic acid has been studied in subcellular fractions of hamster intestine and liver
These major regions have been labeled Peaks 4a, 4b, and 5 in accordance with the designation adopted by Frolik et al (12) in their analysis of retinoic acid metabolites formed in tracheal organ culture
The requirements of the enzymes for NADPH and oxygen, the inhibition by carbon monoxide, as well as the association of the activity with the microsomal fraction, all suggest that these enzymes belong to a class of mixed function oxidases containing the cytochrome P-450 (19,22)
Summary
The metabolism of retinoic acid has been studied in subcellular fractions of hamster intestine and liver. Deficient hamsters by pretreatment of the animals with oral doses of retinoic acid. Each of these peaks is more polar than retinoic acid and retains the carboxyl carbon atom. The metabolic profile observed in this system parallels closely that obtained after examining the metabolism of retinoic acid both in viva and in tracheal organ culture. The metabolic activity is localized in the 100,000 x g pellet, requires NADPH and oxygen, and is strongly inhibited by carbon monoxide. It is inducible by retinoids, but to only a minor extent by phenobarbital or. The metabolism is inhibited by carbon monoxide, by antioxidants, and by some P-450 inhibitors, but not by inhibitors of peroxidation
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