In vitro impact preliminary assessment of airborne particulate from metalworking and woodworking industries

Ilona Pavlovska,Ivars Vanadzins,Inese Martinsone,Anita Seile,Zanna Martinsone,Martins Boroduskis,Liene Patetko,Anna Ramata-Stunda

doi:10.1038/s41598-021-99815-7

Ilona Pavlovska, Ivars Vanadzins + Show 6 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99815-7

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Abstract

Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants. Gillian3500 pumps were used to collect the airborne particulate from woodworking and metalworking environments. EpiAirway tissues were used to model half working day (4 h), full working day (8 h), and 3 working day exposures to occupational pollutants. Tissue viability was assessed using an MTT assay. For preliminary assessment, RT-qPCR analyses were performed to analyze the expression of gelsolin, caspase-3, and IL-6. Tissue morphology was assessed by hematoxylin/eosin staining. An effect on the proliferation of lung epithelial cell line A549 was assessed. Acute exposure to workspace pollutants slightly affected tissue viability and did not change the morphology. No inhibiting effect was observed on the proliferation of A549 cells. Preliminary analysis showed that both types of particles suppressed the expression of gelsolin, with the effect of metalworking samples being more pronounced. A slight reduction in caspase-3 expression was observed. Particles from metalworking suppressed IL-6 expression.

Highlights

Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants
The size, shape, quantity, and chemical compositions of nanoparticles were detailed in previous work on the occupational exposure parameters for the characterization of nanoparticulate matter toxicity and a comparison of the biological markers in aerosol-weighed w orkplaces[19,20,21]
Our study confirms that 3D airway epithelial tissues can be used as a relevant system to model exposure to workspace pollutants and evaluate their effects

Summary

Introduction

Inhalation is the main route of exposure to airborne pollutants. To evaluate the safety and assess the risks of occupational hazards different testing approaches are used. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants. 3D airway epithelial tissues allow to mimic exposure conditions in vitro, generates human-relevant toxicology data, allows to elucidate the mode of action of pollutants. To overcome the limitations of animal studies and tests in submerged cell cultures, commercially available airway tissue models have been developed. The MucilAir (Epithelix Corp., Geneva, Switzerland) and EpiAirway (MatTek Corp, Ashland, Massachusetts, USA) systems are examples of commercial airway tissue models that are currently used in research. Stage Fraction (μm) Stage Fraction (μm) reconstituted using primary human respiratory epithelial c ells[6,7] These 3D tissue models are predominantly used in toxicology studies and safety assessments of new materials, including nanomaterials, chemical compounds, drugs, and e-cigaretes[8,9,10,11]

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