Abstract
Sunflower (Helianthus annuus) is a crop of increasing importance as a source of seed oil and proteins; nonetheless, the number of studies on sunflower tissue culture is somewhat limited. The development of a competent in vitro direct organogenesis protocol involves important basic steps of regeneration. In our study, chemically sterilized sunflower seeds were planted on induction media, and 52.54 % germination efficiency was found. While the seeds were subjected to regeneration containing 2 mg/L of cytokinin, Benzyl Adenopurine (BAP) as well as 1 mg/L of auxin, Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA); shoot growth was observed with41 % regeneration efficiency. Non-sterilized seeds germinated but showed fungal growth on the surface of media resulting in no regeneration of sunflower plantlet. On the other hand, sterile seeds germinated less with little or no fungal growth leading to successful regeneration. Frequent regeneration of sterile sunflower seeds through direct organogenesis can contribute to enhanced micro-propagation of this plant.
Highlights
Sunflower, a Composite family member, is one of the major edible oil seed crops cultivating worldwide along with soybean, rapeseed and groundnut (Dagustu, 2018)
Direct organogenesis, which is the regeneration of plantlet without callus induction phase, is required in modern breeding to ensure reduced cost and rapidity in regeneration (Pourhosseini et al, 2013)
Islam et al, / American Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences, 3(3), 60-64, 2021 direct organogenesis from seeds have been done in various plants (Giovannelli et al, 2004; Zhu et al, 2007); but limited information has been reported regarding sunflower
Summary
A Composite family member, is one of the major edible oil seed crops cultivating worldwide along with soybean, rapeseed and groundnut (Dagustu, 2018). Successful direct organogenesis guided regeneration of sunflower is adaptive and depend upon several factors including age, plant ecotype, environmental conditions and composition of culture media (Alibert et al, 1994; Deglene et al, 1997; Sarrafi et al, 1996). Islam et al, / American Journal of Pure and Applied Biosciences, 3(3), 60-64, 2021 direct organogenesis from seeds have been done in various plants (Giovannelli et al, 2004; Zhu et al, 2007); but limited information has been reported regarding sunflower. Sunflower tissue culture has been undertaken with different explants, including cotyledons, immature embryo, protoplast, shoot tips, hypocotyls ( Fiore et al, 1997; Dagustu, 2018). In our study; we have performed in vitro direct organogenesis from cultured seed of sunflower. Seedlings obtained by this technique can be further used for genetic modification with less chance of contamination
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