In Vitro Evaluation of the Polymerization Properties of N-Butyl Cyanoacrylate/Iodized Oil Mixtures for Lymphatic Interventions

Abstract

PurposeTo evaluate polymerization of N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA)/iodized oil mixtures for lymphatic interventions in vitro. Materials and MethodsPolymerization times of different NBCA/iodized oil mixtures (ratios of 1:0–1:7) were investigated in a static and dynamic experimental setup (performed in a lymph flow model in a silicone tube). Eight lymphatic samples with different triglyceride (TG) concentrations (low TGs, < 50 mg/dL; medium TGs, approximately 100–400 mg/dL; high TGs, > 700 mg/dL) were investigated. Morphologic changes during NBCA polymerization were monitored and recorded by video. Statistical analysis was performed with intergroup comparisons (Kruskal–Wallis test) and multiple regression analysis. ResultsStatic experiments showed increasing polymerization times with increasing concentrations of iodized oil as well as increasing concentrations of TGs. In the low-TG group, polymerization time increased from 14 s at a 1:1 ratio of NBCA to iodized oil to 1,336 s at a 1:7 ratio; times in the medium-TG group increased from 21 s (1:1) to 2,546 s (1:7), and those in the high TG group increased from 168 s (1:1) to 16,530 s (1:7). In dynamic experiments, prolongation of polymerization time was less pronounced. For low- and medium-TG groups, total occlusion of the silicon tube was observed in all cases during the embolization procedure at between 26 seconds (1:1 ratio) and 52 seconds (1:7). In the high-TG group, polymerization took considerably longer (between 43 s [1:1] and 467 s [1:7]) or failed completely. ConclusionsPolymerization time of NBCA/iodized oil in lymph seems to be prolonged by increasing iodized oil and TG concentrations.