In Vitro Efficacy of Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata and Piper betle Leaves Extracts against Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis

Abstract

Increasing concern on the efficacy of antimicrobials has spurred a demand for research on natural-based alternatives. This study assessed the efficacy of Carica papaya, Chromolaena odorata and Piper betle leaves extracts against mites (Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis). Efficacy was defined as the percent reduction in the number of live mites after 6 h of exposure to the treatments. The study utilized 100% fresh crude extract (FCE), 50% fresh crude extract in water (FCW), 50% ethanolic extract reconstituted in 60% ethanol (EEE) and 50% ethanolic extract reconstituted in distilled water (EEW) of the plants for the in vitro assay against S. scabiei var. canis. All plants exhibited varying acaricidal efficacy at different extraction procedures. Their FCW, EEE and EEW showed excellent acaricidal efficacy with P. betle showing maximum efficacy within 30 min of exposure. Thus, the three plants are potential sources of natural-based products for the treatment of canine sarcoptic mange. Further pharmacological and in vivo studies are recommended to validate their acaricidal efficacy.