In Vitro Effects of Low Level Laser Irradiation on Blood Protein

Abstract

Blood proteins serve mostly as drug’s transporters and play a crucial role in laser therapeutic purposes. Its low level laser irradiation (LLLI) reveals the mechanisms for the efficacy of antiviral therapy. This research work is interested in elucidating protein (ceruloplasmin, fibrinogen (α-chain), complement C2, albumin, and α-1-antitrypsin) level perturbation by single (single exposure) and multiple exposures (fractionation) LLLI. Protein level after LLLI reveals protein behaviour essential for progression of laser therapy used in protein-related pathologies. Whole blood (mixed with EDTA) irradiation performed with diode laser (λ = 405 nm). Optical microscope and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis were used for RBC morphology image acquisition and semi-quantification of protein level respectively. Our results showe that crenated RBC has minimal effect on protein level perturbation for dose between 32.59 J/cm2 and 130.35 J/cm2, single exposure has an overall increased protein level for all five proteins at dose 130.35 J/cm2, and multiple exposures has an overall decreased protein level for all five proteins at dose 97.77 J/cm2. Optical density change was seen most in fibrinogen (α-chain) and least in albumin for single (fibrinogen (α-chain): 423 %; albumin: 59 %) and multiple exposures (fibrinogen (α-chain): -71 %; albumin: -30 %). A large variation in protein level perturbation for high molecular weight proteins, while slight variation for low molecular weight proteins were also observed for single exposure at dose 130.35 J/cm2 (except α-1-antitrypsin at 32.59 J/cm2). This data provides evidence of the biostimulation effects of low level laser irradiation on blood proteins and the 2 hours’ adequate incubation time for decreasing protein level.