Abstract
ARTICLE INFO Background and Aim: Resin cements are used widely in restorative dentistry regard- less of their biocompatibility. The aim of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of two categories of dental cements consisting of three chemically set cements (Fuji I, Fuji PLUS and Harvard) and two dual curing cements (BisCem and Duo-Link) by use of MTT assay. Methods and Materials: In this experimental study, four round-shaped samples of each specimen were placed in DMEM culture medium for 24, 48 and 72 hours. The extracts from each sample were applied on L929 mouse fibroblasts. At the end of each period, MTT assay was carried out to estimate the mitochondrial respiration. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Tukey's post- hoc test. The degree of cytotoxicity for each sample was determined according to the reference value of the control group. Results:Fuji I cement showed the least cytotoxicity while Harvard and BisCem ce- ments showed the highest cytotoxic effect. The differences were not significant com- pared to the positive control (distilled water). Conclusion: This study showed that dental cements are capable of eliciting biological response in gingival and pulpal cells. They present a potential risk of tissue damage which depends on the cement's brand and curing modes.
Highlights
Despite the improved mechanicalThe biocompatibility of dental materials is properties of RM- Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC), only a few studies have a field of increasing interest among dental professionals and patients.(1) The study of dental demonstrated their degree of biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects
Further developments in the field of GICs have led to the introduction of Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cements (RM-GICs) with improved physical and mechanical properties compared with conventional GICs. (8)Recently, resin cements have been introduced to dentistry
A small amount of fluoride was found in the medium. They reported that the pH of the culture media containing zinc phosphate decreased slowly during the incubation period from 7 to 6.6 after two days .(4) Since some cell death was observed from the first day to the third day in the presence of zinc phosphate cement, additional factors besides acidification must have been involved. These observations are in agreement with the findings of Welker and Neupert (1974) and Leirskar et al (1977).(14,15) PH corrections of the media with zinc phosphate cement could not eliminate the toxicity of the cement on monolayer cultures of mouse fibroblasts and substantial amounts of zinc released during incubation have been shown to be toxic to the studied cell line
Summary
Despite the improved mechanicalThe biocompatibility of dental materials is properties of RM- GICs, only a few studies have a field of increasing interest among dental professionals and patients.(1) The study of dental demonstrated their degree of biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects. Glass Ionomer Cements (GIC) have been introduced to dentistry These bioactive materials were first introduced in the early 70s by Wilson and Kent (1972) their chemical composition has majorly changed since .(7) Conventional GICs present several beneficial properties such as biocompatibility, fluoride release, and coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity similar to dentin. They contain a major composite resin portion which chemically bonds with the tooth (9) Since these cements are reported to enhance retention of the restorations, they have been utilized increasingly by dentists regardless of their biocompatibility Cytotoxicity of these materials remains a concern due to the presence of TEGDMA or hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) that penetrate into the dentinal tubules and cause an inflammatory response in the pulp. They present a potential risk of tissue damage which depends on the cement’s brand and curing modes
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