Abstract
Objective: The biogenic gold nanoparticles are considered to be extremely impressive for its wide range of applications in pharmaceutics and therapeutics. The present study was aimed at the biogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) from Marsilea quadrifolia aqueous extract and to investigate its antioxidant property and cytotoxic effect on human ovarian teratocarcinoma (PA-1) and lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines.Methods: The biogenic AuNPs was synthesized using an aqueous extract of Marsilea quadrifolia. The synthesized biogenic AuNPs were characterized by ultraviolet (UV) visible spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The biogenic AuNPs was assessed for its stability over a period of time and antioxidant activity. The cytotoxicity of biogenic AuNPs against PA-1 and A549 cell lines was studied using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.Results: The synthesized biogenic AuNPs showed peculiar ruby red color and a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 544 nm in the UV-Vis spectrum. The characterization of biogenic AuNPs by TEM, EDX and XRD revealed well dispersed spherical particles ranging from 10-40 nm and the presence of elemental gold and its crystalline nature, respectively. The AuNPs showed good stability and the scavenging activity at 50 μg/ml. The in vitro cytotoxicity of biogenic AuNPs against PA-1 and A549 cell lines recorded half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 45.88 μg/ml and 52.015 μg/ml, respectively.Conclusion: The biogenic AuNPs demonstrated superior antioxidant and antiproliferative activities against cancer cell lines.
Highlights
Cancer is a most highly enigmatic and complex disease responsible for the major decline in mortality
The aqueous leaf extracts of five different plants namely Cassia javanica, Marsilea quadrifolia, azedarach, Spathodea campanulata, Stachytarpheta jamaicensis were used for the synthesis of AuNPs
M. quadrifolia leaf extract was chosen for further studies
Summary
Cancer is a most highly enigmatic and complex disease responsible for the major decline in mortality. It is a multistep carcinogenesis process encompassing numerous cellular physiological systems such as cell signaling and apoptosis [1]. The early recognition and treatment of cancer remain a technological obstruction. There is an immediate need for a unique and comprehensive technology against cancer for its early diagnosis, personalized therapy, and medicine [2]. The metallic nanoparticles have a tunable surface plasmon resonance (SPR) which enables biolabelling [5] It is flexible for surface functionalization with various biomolecules (protein, DNA, algae, enzymes, and plantderived bioactive compounds) [6]
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