In vitro Callus Induction of Rauvolfia tetraphylla (L.) an Endangered Medicinal Plant and Evaluation of Biological Activities

Abstract

Rauvolfiatetraphylla (L.) is a critically endangered woody shrub that is one among the most significantApocynaceae family species cultivated for its therapeutic benefits. The goal of this work is to standardizethe micropropagation methodology for Rauvolfiatetraphylla (L.). Explants wereused to make the callus(Leaf, Internode, and Anther). “When leaf explants were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) mediasupplemented with Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA) (0.5mg/ml), a maximum of 94.2 percent of callus initiationwas observed”.”On MS media with 2,4-dichloro phenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) + Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA)(0.5+0.5mg/ml), internodal explants demonstrated a maximum of callus initiation of77.9%”.”On MS mediawith 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (2,4-D) (0.5 mg/ml) alone,the greatestcallus initiation (89.8%) was found in anther explants”. The qualitative preliminary phytochemical analysiswas carried out from leaf and fruit extracts. Extracts were obtained from various organic solvents by thesequential method. Alkaloids, carbohydrates, fixed oils and fats, phenolic compounds, and tannins wereidentified from various crude extracts such as Hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate, and Methanol. Inantibacterial activity, the maximum inhibition was observed in methanol extract of leaf and fruit againstEscherichia coli (100 g/ml).