In vitro Callus Cultures for Enhanced Production of Flavonoid (Quercetin) Content, its Analysis and Antibacterial Activity of Nyctanthes arbortristis

Abstract

Flavonoids have stirred extensive intrigue in light of their potential helpful impact on human wellbeing. Quercetin is a standout amongst the most copious regular flavonoids present in therapeutic plants. The present study was planned to study the in vitro production of flavonoids in callus culture of Nyctanthes arbortristis using different plant growth regulators, and screening of antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of leaves. The callus was produced by transferring the sterile leaves on MS medium containing different concentration of cytokinins like 0.5 mg/l BAP (6-benzylaminopurine), 1.0 mg/l KN (kinetin) with auxins like 0.5 - 2.0 mg/l 2,4-D (2 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). The petroleum ether, ethanol and aqueous extracts of Nyctanthes arbortristis leaves and callus were prepared. The content of quercetin in plant extract and callus extract were performed by HPLC. The antibacterial activity of ethanol extract of leaves were performed by using agar well diffusion and spectroscopy antibacterial activity method. The phytochemical study uncovered the nearness of different secondary metabolites in various extract of plant. The HPLC study confirmed the presence of methoxylated flavonoid quercetin-3,3’-dimethoxy-7-0-rhamnoglucopyranose as a active component in extract. The callus contained higher amount of quercetin compared to fresh leaves. The antibacterial screening results showed that ethanol extract of Nyctanthus arbortristis leaves has been observed an efficient antibacterial effect against different microbes namely S. aureus, E. coli, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa.