Abstract
This study examines the in vitro antioxidant activities of the methanol extract of Swietenia mahagoni seeds (SMCM seed extract). The extract was screened for possible antioxidant activities by free radical scavenging activity (DPPH), xanthine oxidase inhibition (XOI), hydrogen peroxide scavenging activity (HPSA) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were also determined. The extract exhibits antioxidant activity of 23.29% with an IC50 value of 2.3 mg/mL in the DPPH radical scavenging method, 47.2% in the XOI assay, 49.5% by the HPSA method, and 0.728 mmol/Fe(II)g in the FRAP method at the concentration tested. The amount of total phenolics and flavonoid contents was 70.83 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 2.5 ± 0.15 mg of catechin equivalent per gram of dry extract, respectively. High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) screening indicates the presence of phenolic compounds in the SMCM seed extract. The results indicate that the extract has both high free radical scavenging and xanthine oxidase inhibition activity. The antioxidant activity of SMCM seed extract is comparable with that of other Malaysian tropical fruits and herbal plants.
Highlights
Swietenia mahagoni (Linn.) Jacq. (Meliaceae) is a large, deciduous, and economically important timber tree native to the West Indies
High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) screening indicates the presence of phenolic compounds in the SMCM seed extract
The content of phenolic compounds in the plant extracts was calculated using this formula: C = A/B; where C is expressed as mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight of the extract; A is the equivalent concentration of gallic acid established from calibration curve; and B is the dry weight of the extract (g)
Summary
Swietenia mahagoni (Linn.) Jacq. (Meliaceae) is a large, deciduous, and economically important timber tree native to the West Indies. (Meliaceae) is a large, deciduous, and economically important timber tree native to the West Indies. This tree is mainly cultivated at tropical zones, such as India, Malaysia, and Southern China [1]. A wide range of antioxidants of synthetic origin such as butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) has been proposed for use in the treatment of various free radicals related diseases [7,8], but it has been proven that these compounds show toxic effects like liver damage and mutagenesis [9]. S. mahagoni is reported for different folk medical use, the present work was carried out to explore the in vitro antioxidant potential of this plant
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