In Vitro Antioxidant and Sunscreen Activities of Gyrinops versteegi Leaf Extract from Different Location in Indonesia and Phytosome Combinations

Abstract

This study aimed to determine antioxidant activity (AA), sunscreen activity (SA), and phytochemical profiles of G. versteegii leaf extracts from West Java (WJ) and Central Java (CJ) and its phytosome. The samples were extracted using the maceration method with 50% ethanol (E50). The AA of extracts was evaluated using in vitro assay with the 2,2-diphenyl-l-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and cupric reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods. The SA of extracts was expressed as a sun protection factor (SPF). The result showed that the E50 extract from WJ was the higher of yield, AA, SPF, and total phenolic content (TPC) about 25.4%, 38.92 μmol-trolox/g (DPPH) and 768.93 μmol-trolox/g (CUPRAC), 14.84 (classified as maximum), and 77.01 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g sample, respectively. The phytosome formulas were made with different ratios of E50 extract and soy lecithin of F1 (1:2), F2 (1:1), and F3 (2:1). The best phytosome formula was the F2 (ratio of extract: lecithin was 1:1) with the yield, AA, SPF, and TPC was 85.47%, 1535.1 μmol-trolox/g (CUPRAC), 13.74 (classified as maximum), and 174 mg GAE/g, respectively. TPC of the extract and phytosome was positively correlated with AA.