Abstract
Objectives: Pulses have grown increasingly popular as a result of their high nutritional content and phytochemical content. However, before to eating, the seed coats of some legume food items were removed, resulting in the food losing its nutritious content. The study deals with the study of pharmacognostic & physico-chemical profile along with in-vitro estimation of bioactive compounds of Phaseolus vulgaris (Linn) seed coat.
 Methodology: The morphology of kidney beans was evaluated. Seed length, width, thickness, and surface area were also determined. In physico-chemical parameters extractive value ash value, moisture content, swelling index were recorded. Phytochemical screening displayed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, amino acid, tannins, carbohydrates and saponins. HPTLC & in-vitro estimations were done.
 Results: Morphology revealed dark brownish red seed, kidney to oval shaped, medium size and bland taste. Microscopically, the transverse section showed the presence of proteinaceous aleurone cells, macro-sclereids and starch granules with irregular oval shape in the cotyledon specify the energy reservoir of seeds. HPTLC showed the presence of flavonoids in Phaseolus vulgaris seed coats. The antioxidant profile revealed TFC (total flavonoid content) as 13.62 mg/g QE (quercetin equivalent) and TPC (total phenolic content) as 32.03 ± 1.50 mg/g GAE. IC50 value for vitamin C was found to be 369.03 µg/ml as compared to Phaseolus vulgaris seed coat 423.00µg/ml.
 Conclusion: The study can serve as a valuable source of information and due to presence of phytoconstituents like flavonoid (quercetin) it could be considered for its neuroprotective activity.
Highlights
The total flavonoid content was confirmed according to the procedure given [27]. 1 ml extract of 1000 g/ml concentration 4 ml of purified water was mixed and 0.3 ml NaNO2 & 0.3 ml AlCl3 was added to solution after that mixture was incubated for 5 minutes at room temperature
Quercetin was used as standard and total flavonoids (TF) content was indicated as Quercetin equivalents (QE) in mg/g of dry sample
This study suggested hydroalcoholic extract of Phaseolus vulgaris have antioxidant potential owing to the presence of higher amount of phenol, flavonoids, saponins [34, 35]
Summary
People in a large number of countries, in thirdworld countries, have discovered an alternative to animal protein. Consumers are increasing their protein consumption by choosing plant - based foods, notably legumes, due to a greater awareness of nutritional-dependent illness and the high cost of animal protein sources [2, 3]. The seed coat of pulse crops is routinely removed before to eating or the production of food products. This occurred owing to a lack of customer understanding and awareness of the nutritional significance of the seed's outer shell. Many scientific studies have shown that people who eat pulse foods have a lesser risk of developing chronic diseases like diabetes, cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity [4] and digestive disorders [5], which can be attributed to the presence of naturally occurring powerful antioxidants and dietary fibres
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