In vitro antioxidant and anticancer activity of methanolic extract of Trachyspermum ammi seed on human oral cancer (KB) cell line

Abstract

The present study was to determine the phytochemical constituents, antioxidant, and anticancer potential of methanolic extract from the seeds of Trachyspermumammi on KB, human oral cancer cell line using in the vitro assay system. The seeds of the T. Ammi were extracted with methanol. Phytochemical screening was done using standard qualitative biochemical tests. The antioxidant activity of the T. Ammi extract was determined by using a phosphomolybdenum assay.MTT assay was used to estimate the antiproliferative activity of the extract against the human oral cancer (KB) cell line. The apoptotic inducing ability of the extract was investigated by intracellular ROS analysis, antioxidant enzyme levels (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GSH), EtBr/AO staining, and TBARS analysis. The qualitative phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of different secondary metabolites. The phytochemical content present in the methanolic extract possessed high antioxidant capacity with transition metal reduction in phosphomolybdate assay. The methanol seed extract was found to be cytotoxic in vitro to (KB) oral cancer cell lines with IC50 value125µg/ml. Significantly, the T. Ammi seed extract showed a broad-spectrum anti-cancer activity through promoting ROS generation via modulating apoptosis induction in KBoral cancer cells. From the results, it can be concluded that T. ammiseed extract was a promising antioxidant and anticancer agent for KB human oral cancer cell line. The results figure the sufficient scientific backgrounds to isolate and purify the bioactive compounds in future for further applications.