Abstract
Objective: Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases in terms of drug development and discovery. Non-responsiveness and resistance to the drug in Leishmania species need to develop new antileishmanial potentials; herbal medicines could be the alternative one. Methods: In the present study, semi-purified fractions were prepared from the traditionally used three medicinal plants of India: Argemone mexicana (aerial shoot), Murraya koenigii (stem), and Cinnamomum tamala (bark) by using multiple solvent systems (non-polar to polar, beginning with petroleum ether followed by n-hexane, benzene, and chloroform) and an effort was given to assess the leishmanicidal activities against Leishmania donovani miltefosine resistant HePC-R (Ld/MIL-30) promastigotes in vitro and the IC50 concentrations were estimated. Results: The study revealed that the semi-purified fractions of A. mexicana, M. koenigii, and C. tamala have effective antileishmanial activities and the 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC50) are 50 μg/ml, 98 μg/ml, and 200 μg/ml, respectively. At these (IC50) concentrations, these plant semi-purified fractions were found to interfere in lipid and protein biosynthesis, alter cell morphology, DNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential, generating ROS, and apoptosis in promastigotes. The semi-purified fractions were also found noticeably non-toxic towards host splenocytes. Conclusion: These results could suggest that A. mexicana, M. koenigii, and C. tamala could carry potential novel compounds for the development of new drugs against Leishmaniasis.
Highlights
Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases in terms of drug discovery and development and is endemic in our country (India) [1]
The leaves of C. tamala have been used for flavoring food and it has been used in traditional medicines as an astringent, stimulant, diuretic, carminative, and cardiac disorders [15]. This present study aimed to find out the active antileishmanial potentials against miltefosine resistant Leishmania donovani parasites from medicinal plants of India
The semi-purified fractions of A. mexicana; M. koenigii and C. tamala inhibited the proliferation of L. donovani miltefosine resistant (HePC-R) promastigotes in vitro
Summary
Leishmaniasis is one of the neglected tropical diseases in terms of drug discovery and development and is endemic in our country (India) [1]. The chemotherapy used to treat this disease has been proved to be highly toxic and has persistence of resistance issues. Miltefosine (MIL) or Hexadecylphosphocholine, is the first orally administrable anti-leishmanial drug but due to its long half-life, it is highly susceptible to resistance. Parasites with decreased drug vulnerability have been associated with treatment failure [2,3,4]. The emergence of drug resistance is the biggest threat to the successful treatment of leishmaniasis. The need for ideal leishmanicidal molecules to overcome resistance issues has notably increased in recent years
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callMore From: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
Disclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
