Abstract
Objective: Evidence indicates that breadfruit leaf extract may have antibacterial properties. In terms of bacterial plaque, Streptococcus sanguinis isknown as an early agent of its formation. The purpose of this study was to analyze the antibacterial effects of breadfruit leaf extract on the growth ofS. sanguinis.Methods: S. sanguinis ATCC 10556 was cultured in 96-well plates and was incubated at 37°C for 20 h (the accumulation phase) or 24 h (the maturationphase). Then, breadfruit leaf extract was added at concentrations of 5, 10, 20, 40, 80, and 100%. The viability of S. sanguinis was evaluated using the3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay at a wavelength of 490 nm.Results: Our results demonstrated that the viability of S. sanguinis, after exposure to the breadfruit leaf extract at all concentrations, during theaccumulation and maturation phases was lower than the control group (p<0.05). In addition, the viability of S. sanguinis after exposure to the breadfruitleaf extract at concentrations of 20, 80, and 100% during the accumulation phase was lower than that observed during the maturation phase.Conclusion: Collectively, our novel findings should provide insight into the potential of breadfruit leaf extract to positively affect oral and dentalhealth.
Highlights
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is typically used as an intercropping plant in the yard
We investigated the antibacterial effect of breadfruit extract against the viability of S. sanguinis using the MTT test
The viability was determined by the value of the optical density (OD), which was read with a wavelength of 490 nm
Summary
Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is typically used as an intercropping plant in the yard. The breadfruit plant originated from New Guinea and was later developed in Malaysia and Indonesia [1]. Breadfruit trees are widely encountered in Indonesia, in hot areas and valleys. S. sanguinis facilitates other bacteria to colonize on the tooth surface to form biofilms [3]. The cariogenic bacteria are acidogenic that capable of producing acid from carbohydrates consumed by the host [4]. This acid produced by the bacteria causes a reduction in the pH of plaque, which causes dental caries due to demineralization [5]. S. sanguinis bacteria indirectly contribute to the occurrence of dental caries by forming early colonies of biofilm
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