Abstract
ABSTRACT Background: In this era, Escherichia coli is an ambivalent microbe and commonly causes fecal contamination. Eugenol from clove oil has also demonstrates antibacterial effects that may aid in combating against the microorganisms that cause tooth infections. Aim and Objectives: The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of the pharmacological characteristics of eugenol, a significant bioactive substance extracted from clove (Syzygium aromaticum). The present study aimed to target the genes from E. coli identified through network pharmacology analysis of eugenol and antibiofilm effect of eugenol from clove oil against E. coli. Materials and Methods: In the present study, eugenol was isolated from clove identified through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis. The antibacterial and antibiofilm activity of eugenol was performed against E. coli were investigated. Targets were identified for Eugenol from clove oil through string database and mapped with E. coli pathway. Molecular docking analysis was carried out for the identified targets and eugenol. Results: The best antibacterial activity of eugenol from clove oil was found against E. coli and evaluated by zone of inhibition and minimum inhibitory concentration analysis at 10 μL. The antibiofilm assay against resistant E. coli was determined by concentration of 10 μL and inhibited in 100% dilution. The top five active targets from E. coli was identified by network pharmacology and docking analysis shows the good binding interaction between targets and eugenol. Conclusion: The research provided in this study lays the foundation for eugenol’s anti-bacterial property with various biofilm forming targets namely Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-B, Acetyl-CoA carboxylase-C, Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH], and 3-oxoacyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] synthase 1. Additional in vivo approach validation is required in future to support the current study.
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