Abstract
Objective: This study compared the radiopacity of different ceramic systems by means of digital radiographs and evaluate the chemical composition of the samples by Raman spectroscopy. Material and Methods: The hypothesis tested was that there was a difference in radiopacity among the tested materials. Specimens were prepared for each ceramic tested: FLD - VM7 (VITA Zahnfabrik), LD - IPS Empress e.max Press (IPS Empress), AL - In Ceram Alumina (VITA Zahnfabrik), ALYZ - In Ceram Zirconia (VITA Zahnfabrik), YZ - Lava All Ceram (3M/ESPE), and MYZ - Zirconzahn (Talladium Brazil). The specimens were radiographed and submitted to radiographic density readings using a histogram tool. The spectrometer coupled to a petrographic microscope was used for Raman spectroscopy measurements. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a Tukey post-hoc test were used to compare radiopacity of the different materials. Results: For all tested materials, the radiopacity showed statistically significant differences, except YZ and MYZ. Lava All Ceram and ZirkonZahn had high radiopacity values and VM7 and IPS Empress e.max Press showed lower radiopacity than human dental structures. Conclusion: It was possible to conclude that radiopacity is closely linked to ceramic chemical composition.KeywordsDental ceramics; Radiopacity; Raman spectroscopy test; Restorative dentistry.
Highlights
Sample selection and preparation Eight ceramic specimens were made for each material: FLD - VM7 (VITA Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany), LD - IPS Empress e.max Press (IPS Empress, Ivoclar Vivadent, Germany), AL - In Ceram Alumina (VITA Zahnfabrik), ALYZ - In Ceram Zirconia (VITA Zahnfabrik), YZ - Lava All Ceram
In order to compare the radiopacity of ceramic systems with that of human dental structure, the radiopacity of the tested materials, enamel, and dentin were presented in aluminum-equivalent thickness
The radiopacity found for 1 mm of aluminum corresponded to the radiopacity of dentin in the same thickness, and for 2 mm corresponded to the radiopacity the enamel
Summary
Dental ceramics are the materials of choice for various esthetic restorations due to their characteristics, such as high compressive strength and abrasion resistance, chemical stability, favorable esthetic features, translucency, biocompatibility, fluorescence and thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of the dental structure [1,2]. In order to improve radiographic images, digital imaging has been proven to be an easy and fast resource [7] Features such as immediate image capture, patients being exposed to low levels of radiation, easy manipulation, low cost, acquisition of accurate radiodensity evaluation, and no need for fill processing, as in the case of traditional images, are highlighted [8]. Raman spectroscopy allows the analysis and characterization of the vibration spectra, of the minerals of which the sample is composed In this technique, more complex systems, such as dental materials, may be evaluated by analysis of light diffusion caused by monochromatic laser excitation. More complex systems, such as dental materials, may be evaluated by analysis of light diffusion caused by monochromatic laser excitation They show the different chemical and behavioral patterns of each analyzed ceramic system. The study tested the hypothesis that there was a difference in radiopacity between the different tested materials
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