Abstract
The significant challenge in human computer interaction is to create tangible interfaces that will make digital world accessible through augmented physical surfaces like walls and windows. In this paper, various acoustic source localization methods are proposed which have the potential to covert a physical object into a tracking sensitive interface. The Spatial Likelihood method has been used to locate acoustic source in real time by summing the spatial likelihood from all sensors. The source location is obtained from searching the maximum in the likelihood map. The data collected from the sensors is pre-processed and filtered for improvement of the accuracy of source localization. Finally a sensor fusion algorithm based on least squared error is presented to minimize the error while positioning the source. Promising results have been achieved experimentally for the application of acoustic tangible interfaces.
Highlights
With ordinary interface devices, the interaction of humans with computers is restricted to a particular device at a certain location within a small movement area
By substituting the time difference ij (q) between sensors i and j given as a function of source location q in General Cross Correlation (GCC) formula [5], the spatial likelihood function in the frequency domain for a pair of sensors is obtained as
Given M pair of sensors, the Maximum Likelihood algorithm (ML) proposed here for TAI can handle the error by minimizing the error between the given time differencem of the mth pair and the ideal time difference m (q) associated with the searched location q
Summary
With ordinary interface devices (e.g. keyboard, mouse and touch screen), the interaction of humans with computers is restricted to a particular device at a certain location within a small movement area. In this paper acoustics-based remote sensing technology is presented since vibrations are the natural outcome of an interaction and propagate well in most solid materials This means that the information pertaining to an interaction can be conveyed to a remote location [1,2,3] using the structure of the object itself as a transmission channel and suppressing the need for an overlay or any other intrusive device over the area one wishes to make sensitive. To determine time delay of real signals, cross correlation is commonly used In this application its result usually contains multiple peaks and there is no guarantee that the peak will occur at the correct time difference.
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