“In situ” spectroelectrochemical studies of N,N′-dibenzyl and N,N′-diheptyl viologen radicals adsorbed on metallic (Pt, Au) electrodes

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The interfacial behaviour of viologen radicals produced “in situ” from N,N′-dibenzyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dications, BV 2+, or from N,N′-diheptyl-4,4′-bipyridinium dications, C 7V 2+, has been investigated by coupled voltammetry and UV—visible reflectance spectroscopy. The absorption spectra of submonolayers absorbed on Pt or Au surfaces are compared to absorption spectra of bulk species. The mutual interactions of adsorbed radicals and the subsequent orientation on the surface produce a shift in the position peaks and require a considerably more positive potential for their removal.