Abstract
The main driving idea of the present study was the comparison between two different chemical modifications of hyaluronic acid (HA) followed by the development of nanocomposite hydrogels directly in situ by biomineralization of photocrosslinkable HA polymers through sol-gel synthesis. In this way, it has been possible to overcome some limitations due to classical approaches based on the physical blending of inorganic fillers into polymer matrix. To this aim, methacrylated and maleated HA, synthesized with similar degree of substitution (DS) were compared in terms of mechanical and physico-chemical properties. The success of in situ biomineralization was highlighted by reflect Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Furthermore, mechanical characterization demonstrated the reinforcing effect of inorganic fillers evidencing a strong correlation with DS. The swelling behavior resulted to be correlated with filler concentration. Finally, the cytotoxicity tests revealed the absence of toxic components and an increase of cell proliferation over culture time was observed, highlighting these bio-nanocomposite hyaluronan derivatives as biocompatible hydrogel with tunable properties.
Highlights
Hyaluronic acid (HA), named hyaluronan, is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating units of D-glucuronic acid and Nacetyl-D-glucosamine and it is found in all connective tissues of the body as one of the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [1–3]
Statistical significances between the time points were calculated using the two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test
By varying the amount of methacrylic and maleic anhydride (MA) used in the reaction, the results demonstrated that degree of substitution (DS) could be successfully modified
Summary
Hyaluronic acid (HA), named hyaluronan, is a linear polysaccharide consisting of alternating units of D-glucuronic acid and Nacetyl-D-glucosamine and it is found in all connective tissues of the body as one of the major components of the extracellular matrix (ECM) [1–3]. It has been assumed that the improved stability and mechanical properties of chemically modified HA sodium salt (HAs) in combination with biological features of CaP fillers, obtained by in situ sol-gel technique, can lead to a valuable biomaterial able to regenerate tissue interfaces. For this reason, two different chemical modifications of the HA, by methacrylic and maleic anhydride (MA), have been proposed to obtain photocrosslinkable hydrogels. Bio-nanocomposite hyaluronan derivatives have been successfully synthesized by in situ solgel approach as biocompatible hydrogels
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