Abstract
Soil dry density (ρd) is extremely important for soil compaction. It is challenging to monitor its in-situ spatial variation. This study presents a ρd estimation technique based on actively heated fiber-optic fiber Bragg grating (AHFO-FBG) method. The technique introduces two calculation methods, one is based on the thermal conductivity (λ-based method), the other is based on the temperature characteristic value (Tt-based method). Both λ and Tt have a clear response to the variation of ρd. For Tt-based method, an exponential Tt - ρd relationship is established and a numerical simulation calibration approach considering the thermal contact resistance of soil–sensor interface is proposed to obtain the Tt - ρd fitting parameters. Furthermore, an in-situ test was conducted to verify the effectiveness of the ρd estimation technique. Compared with the λ-based method, the Tt-based method has higher accuracy in the field test with a 4% error from the volumetric ring method.
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