Abstract
Conventional ex situ analytical methods for sediment pore water are susceptible to disruptions in the speciation equilibrium of metals due to changes in external conditions. This study introduced an innovative in situ method for detecting the three-dimensional distribution of labile copper (CuLabile) in sediment pore water with high spatial resolution using a highly stable microneedle electrochemical sensor. The sensor featured a nanoporous tip structure and embedded gold nanomaterials with excellent electrocatalytic performance. The nanoporous structure could prevent the nanomaterials from falling off because of friction during the in situ detection process in sediments. The sensor exhibited good detection performance under different salinity conditions with a detection limit of 0.2 nM. Vertical and three-dimensional distributions of CuLabile in sediment pore water were successfully obtained using the in situ microneedle sensor. The results showed that the concentration of CuLabile was in the range of 5.2–43.5 nM, with a maximum value at a depth of approximately 4 cm, while there was almost no difference in the horizontal direction of a specific sediment sample column. Furthermore, this functional sensor could be extended to the in situ detection of other labile metals in sediment pore water.
Published Version
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