In Situ Hydroxyapatite Synthesis Enhances Biocompatibility of PVA/HA Hydrogels.

Petra Chocholata,Jana Dvorakova,Vlastimil Kulda,Monika Supova,Margit Zaloudkova,Vaclav Babuska

doi:10.3390/ijms22179335

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering tries to simulate natural behavior of hard tissues. This study aimed to produce scaffolds based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and hyaluronic acid (HA) with hydroxyapatite (HAp) incorporated in two different ways, by in situ synthesis and physical mixing of pre-prepared HAp. In situ synthesis resulted in calcium deficient form of HAp with lower crystallinity. The proliferation of human osteoblast-like cells MG-63 proved to be better in the scaffolds with in situ synthesized HAp compared to those with physically mixed pre-prepared HAp. For scaffolds with PVA/HA/HAp ratio 3:1:2, there was significantly higher initial adhesion (p = 0.0440), as well as the proliferation in the following days (p < 0.001). It seemed to be advantageous improve the properties of the scaffold by in situ synthesizing of HAp directly in the organic matrix.

Highlights

Tissue engineering is considered as a multidisciplinary branch that interconnects a clinical medicine, cell biology, material science, and mechanical engineering
The aim of our study was to compare scaffolds based on polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/hyaluronic acid (HA) with HAp incorporated by in situ synthesis with those acquired by physical mixing of prepared HAp with organic matrix
The organic matrix was a mixture of PVA and HA in two different ratios, 3:1 and 1:1, labeled as A and B, respectively

Summary

Introduction

Tissue engineering is considered as a multidisciplinary branch that interconnects a clinical medicine, cell biology, material science, and mechanical engineering. There are created cellseeded three-dimensional scaffolds, which are inserted into the environment of the human body. Materials used in bone tissue engineering for the scaffolds should be as similar as possible to human tissues [3,4]. Hydrogels are three-dimensional hydrophilic biopolymeric networks that can tightly absorb and retain large quantities of water or a biological fluid without dissolving in their swollen state [3,5,6]. According to the origin of the polymers of which they are composed, hydrogels can be divided into natural, synthetic or hybrid. The use of a scaffold in the form of hydrogels is very convenient because hydrogels are very similar to natural tissues [5] and mimic properties of extracellular matrix (ECM) [7]

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Conclusion