Abstract
The in-situ catalytic fast pyrolysis of pinecone over HY catalysts, HY(30; SiO2/Al2O3), HY(60), and 1% Ni/HY(30), was studied by TGA and Py-GC/MS. Thermal and catalytic TGA indicated that the main decomposition temperature region of pinecone, from 200 to 400 °C, was not changed using HY catalysts. On the other hand, the DTG peak heights were differentiated by the additional use of HY catalysts. Py-GC/MS analysis showed that the efficient conversion of phenols and other oxygenates formed from the pyrolysis of pinecone to aromatic hydrocarbons could be achieved using HY catalysts. Of the HY catalysts assessed, HY(30), showed higher efficiency in the production of aromatic hydrocarbons than HY(60) because of its higher acidity. The aromatic hydrocarbon production was increased further by increasing the pyrolysis temperature from 500 to 600 °C and increasing the amount of catalyst due to the enhanced cracking ability and overall acidity. The use of 1% Ni/HY(30) also increased the amount of monoaromatic hydrocarbons compared to the use of HY(30) due to the additional role of Ni in enhancing the deoxygenation and aromatization of reaction intermediates.
Highlights
The frequency of abnormal weather due to global warming has been increasing, and its intensity has become stronger than before
This study examined the catalytic fast pyrolysis (CFP) of pinecones to produce high-quality biofuel with low oxygen contents by thermogravimetric (TG) analysis and pyrolyzer-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS)
These pyrolyzates are converted to light olefins and aromatic hydrocarbons over the catalysts [20]
Summary
The frequency of abnormal weather due to global warming has been increasing, and its intensity has become stronger than before. The temperature in France in June 2019 approached 45 ◦ C. In this regard, the use of renewable energy is essential to reduce global warming, the main cause of climate change, and biofuels are a significant source of renewable energy [1,2,3,4,5]. The importance of bio-oil is increasing because it can be used both as a biofuel and as chemical feedstock. Many studies have been conducted to produce bio-oils by applying non-edible biomass as the pyrolysis
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have