Abstract
Arsenic trioxide, a traditional chemotherapeutic agent, has limitations in clinical application due to its nonspecific delivery and severe systemic toxicity. To address this challenge, we have capitalized on the promising potential of molybdenum-based materials for tumor diagnosis and treatment. We developed a novel multifunctional arsenic-molybdenum dual-prodrug nanocomposite delivery system (AsMo-NCM) by integrating arsenic compounds with molybdenum compounds. This system leverages elevated glutathione (GSH) levels within tumors for specific activation. Within the tumor microenvironment, the system converts Mo(VI) to the more active Mo(V), enabling combined photothermal therapy and photoacoustic imaging for comprehensive diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, low-toxicity arsenic(V) is converted into highly toxic trivalent arsenic within the high-GSH tumor microenvironment, thereby enhancing tumor cell apoptosis, reducing toxicity to normal tissues, and synergistically improving treatment outcomes. In addition, AsMo-NCM can be biodegraded and rapidly excreted, reducing concerns about their long-term presence and possible toxic effects. The combination of these approaches maximizes GSH depletion, thereby enhancing the synergistic photothermal/chemotherapy effect of AsMo-NCM for precise and effective tumor treatment, thus offering promising prospects for cancer therapy.
Published Version
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