Abstract
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) causing tick-borne hemorrhagic fever which was earlier endemic to western Ghats, southern India, it is now encroaching into new geographic regions, but there is no approved medicine or effective vaccine against this deadly disease. In this study, we did in-silico design of multi-epitope subunit vaccine for KFDV. B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted from conserved regions of KFDV envelope protein and two vaccine candidates (VC1 and VC2) were constructed, those were found to be non-allergic and possess good antigenic properties, also gives cross-protection against Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus. The 3D structures of vaccine candidates were built and validated. Docking analysis of vaccine candidates with toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2) by Cluspro and PatchDock revealed strong affinity between VC1 and TLR2. Ligplot tool was identified the intermolecular hydrogen bonds between vaccine candidates and TLR-2, iMOD server confirmed the stability of the docking complexes. JCAT sever ensured cloning efficiency of both vaccine constructs and in-silico cloning into pET30a (+) vector by SnapGene showed successful translation of epitope region. IMMSIM server was identified increased immunological responses. Finally, multi-epitope vaccine candidates were designed and validated their efficiency, it may pave the way for up-coming vaccine and diagnostic kit development.
Highlights
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) causing tick-borne hemorrhagic fever which was earlier endemic to western Ghats, southern India, it is encroaching into new geographic regions, but there is no approved medicine or effective vaccine against this deadly disease
Kyasanur Forest Disease (KFD) is a southern Indian endemic zoonotic disease caused by KFDV that belongs to the family Flaviviridae
KFDV outbreak was reported in a new geographic location Sindhudurg district of M aharashtra[9]
Summary
Kyasanur forest disease virus (KFDV) causing tick-borne hemorrhagic fever which was earlier endemic to western Ghats, southern India, it is encroaching into new geographic regions, but there is no approved medicine or effective vaccine against this deadly disease. B-cell and T-cell epitopes were predicted from conserved regions of KFDV envelope protein and two vaccine candidates (VC1 and VC2) were constructed, those were found to be non-allergic and possess good antigenic properties, gives cross-protection against Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus. Still there is no cure for KFDV, currently formalin inactivated vaccine being used as primary strategy for controlling K FD10, it gives partial effect against to KFDV infections and provides short term immunity to those have received vaccination[11] It indicates low efficiency of current vaccine, there is a need for development of new vaccine candidates against KFDV. In-silico based epitope prediction methods have reduced the time consumption and money spent on false epitope candidates and this tools has been employed to develop multi-epitope vaccine against several diseases such as Dengue, SARS-CoV-2, Scientific Reports | (2021) 11:17118
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