Abstract
The Haitian Revolutionary Era prompted Virginian elites to reconsider their revolutionary commitment to manumission. In 1782 Virginia became the first and only North American plantation society to liberalize manumission, but rescinded the bill in 1806, and forbid permanent residence to newly freed ex-slaves. As a result, white Virginians turned to colonization as the solution to the problem of liberalism in a slavery society. In rejecting the possibility of a free and multiracial society, Virginia elites resurrected social colonialism, and relegated slavery to the new national body politic.
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