In Search of New Architecture: Bauhaus, Organic Architecture and Method of Conscious Creativity

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to find out the peculiarities of the creative method formed by the founders of the Bauhaus school; identify the specifics of its application in modern architecture and organization of the environment; identify the relationship in the formation of the principles and approaches of the new architecture in the Bauhaus environment and the architects of the organic tradition. The research methodology is determined by general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, historical, comparative and art analysis. The work is based on tracing the relationship between the basic principles of the founders of Bauhaus and organic architecture, the implementation of their ideas, as well as the analysis of different approaches in the application of architecture and environmental design. Scientific novelty. The research argues that it is appropriate to talk about the relevance of not so much formal Bauhaus principles, how much of the creative method and approach developed by the school; attention is drawn to the organization of Bauhaus art education, which again becomes relevant in the context of globalization and the challenges of the information society. The research also revealed the common origins of the methods of Bauhaus and the architects of the organic tradition, as well as the difference between them, which is embedded in the method itself as a possibility of different interpretations of form. Conclusion. As a result of the research we conclude that the most important achievement of Bauhaus is the creation of a special method of conscious creativity, which today has a much more universal meaning than the adopted stylistics, the appropriate interpretation of lines and colors. Its essence is the organization of the modern environment for a person in accordance with individual decisions obtained in self-reflection, in improving one’s own mastery of proportions and subordinating ideas to the high ideals of the man of the future. The Bauhaus method was formed due to the creation of a new educational system of art education, which allowed artists to develop new landmarks in modern times, to establish the relationship between art and craft, to subordinate different arts in accordance with the problems of organic unity of architectural structure. The same method, ideals and future orientation, the desire for a new organization of space, but a different style, we see in the creators of organic architecture. This is evidenced by the work of architects Rudolf Steiner, Hugo Goering and Hans Sharun.