Abstract
Fowl cholera (FC) is one of the respiratory syndromes of commercial layer, breeder and broiler farms in Pakistan. The disease is mainly controlled by vaccination. In the present study, effect of “in process quality control” factors such as amount of immunogen, chemical nature of adjuvant, fractions of bacterial culture and its storage on potency of the vaccine was investigated. Immunogen amount (1011CFU/ml) induced serum anti-Pasteurella multocida ELISA (anti-PM-ELISA) antibody titer in the vaccinated birds on 32 days post vaccination that was significantly higher (P<0.05) than that of 109 and 1010CFU/ml. Montanide based whole culture vaccine induced better antibody response as compare to aluminum hydroxide gel. Washed culture of P. multocida (bacterial sediment) induced significantly higher anti-PM-ELISA antibody titer as compared to the vaccine prepared from purified LPS or whole culture vaccine (p<0.05). Storage of oil based FC vaccine at refrigerated temperature for six months did not affect its immunogenicity.
 
 It is concluded that amount of immunogen, chemical nature of adjuvant, freeing of bacterial culture from LPS and media components and maintenance of cold chain are in process quality control factors affecting potency of the vaccine.
Highlights
Fowl Cholera (FC) is one of the contagious bacterial diseases of domestic and wild avian species
Efficacy of the vaccine depends upon density of its culture per dose of vaccine
The density of bacterial culture is controlled by enrichment media BHI both or CYS broth, incubation temperature and time and aeration of the culture during growth period (Shah et al, 2008)
Summary
Fowl Cholera (FC) is one of the contagious bacterial diseases of domestic and wild avian species. Alum precipitated vaccine used extensively but, induces immunity for short period of time 4-6 months, whereas oil based vaccine provides protection up to one year but oil based vaccines in poultry induces facial edema, abscess formation and post vaccination shocks (Littledike, 1993). These problems might be due to bacterial capsule (lipopolysaccharide-LPS) that is produced extensively during bacterial growth in bio-fermentor (latest advanced technique of bacterial biomass production). The present study is planned to investigate in process quality control factors such as amount of immunogen per dose, chemical nature of adjuvant, fractions of the bacterial culture and shelf life of the vaccine
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