Abstract
The impurity pinning of the charge density waves that exhibit three-dimensional order due to interchain coupling is investigated in the model of Fukuyama and Lee by taking account of phase distortions in the transverse directions as well as in the chain direction. Calculated adiabatic potentials elucidate the presence of metastable states, which is responsible for strong pinning and depinning. The linear response function calculated for the pinned state is in the form used for a dissipative harmonic oscillator and explains the overall feature of observed frequency dependent conductivities. Memory effects recently found in experiments are also qualitatively explained in the present model.
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