Abstract
AbstractThis paper presents the numerical results of impulsive waves generated by landslides of solid block, granular materials and heavy block sinking. An impulse product parameter P is developed and a wide range of effective parameters are studied. The volume-of-fluid (VOF) and overset mesh methods have been used to study landslide-generated tsunamis. Also, a Lagrangian tracking approach coupled with the VOF to simulate the granular movement was developed. The effect of the water reservoir depth, the landslide height, the landslide density and the geometrical parameters on the wave height (elevation) has been investigated using the open-source OpenFOAM software. The results have been presented for dimensionless distances and the normalized geometry of the landslide in the ranges 5–7, and 1–2, respectively. These numbers have been normalized to the height of the landslide (a). According to the results of simulations, the tsunami formation process is divided into three stages, which were analyzed in detail by considering the interactions between the solid and the water reservoir. The Scott Russell wave has the highest impulse product parameter among the impulse wave mechanisms which is 58.6% of the total impulse production. In addition, the duration of the wave propagation has been computed based on the wave height.
Highlights
Tsunamis can be generated by sudden movements of volumes of water induced by landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and asteroids impacts
The behavior of the impulse wave and the density and height of landslides significantly influence the life of dams and their efficiency (Fritz et al 2003a, 2003b, 2004)
The main focus of the present paper is on the generation of landslide-induced impulse waves and Scott Russell waves
Summary
Tsunamis (impulsive waves) can be generated by sudden movements of volumes of water induced by landslides, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and asteroids impacts. Heidarzadeh et al (2020) investigated tsunamis generated by landslides that were caused by volcanic eruptions They found that the wavelengths of landslide-generated waves are shorter than earthquake-generated waves and they exhibit greater dispersive effects. Jing et al (2020) developed numerical models to investigate the dispersive effects of water waves generated by an accelerated landslide. Heller (2009) used a combination of numerical, analytical, and numerical methods to study impulse waves They analyzed landslide strength, movement of the landslide, and the wave run-up (overtopping).
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