Improving the Geiger Muller Counter Characteristics by Optimizing the Anode and Cathode Radius Dimensions

Abstract

This article considers the influence of the anode (r <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">a</sub> ) and cathode (r <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">k</sub> ) radius dimensions in the Geiger Muller counter chamber on its characteristics such as efficiency, measurement uncertainty, dead time, slope, plateau length, and aging. The article is of a theoretical and experimental nature. In the theoretical part of the article, the expression for the dependence of the electrical discharge parameters of a cylindrical electrode system is derived from various radius dimensions of the anode and cathode. For this purpose, the enlargement law of the probability was applied. The experimental part of the work was performed on the models of the Geiger Muller's chamber of different radius dimensions of the anode and cathode. The chamber models (and insulation gas) were made to maintain the geometrical similarity of the commercially applicable chamber. In the first experimental part of this article, the effect of radioactive radiation was simulated with a fast pulse voltage, while real radioactive elements were used in the second experimental part. The testing has shown that the synergy of the stochastic volume effect of the breakdown voltage of the Ruffer-Kuilling mechanism and the corona of the plasma can significantly improve all tested characteristics.