Improving the efficiency of subphthalocyanine based planar organic solar cells through the use of MoO3/CuI double anode buffer layer

Abstract

Planar organic photovoltaic cells (OPV) based on the heterojunction subphthalocyanine/fullerene (SubPc/C60) were fabricated by varying the nature of hole transporting layer (HTL) and the SubPc thickness. The performances of the efficient heterojunction SubPc/C60 are improved through the use of MoO3/CuI double HTL. In comparison with OPV using MoO3 alone as HTL, the insertion of CuI leads to a significant increase in the short circuit current due to improved hole mobility. With the MoO3/CuI HTL, the power conversion efficiency was maximized to nearly 5% at a SubPc thickness of 20nm. The atomic force microscopy study shows that the morphology of the SubPc films depends on the HTL. With CuI, the SubPc films are more homogeneous, with a smoother surface. These morphology differences induce modifications of the electrical properties of the SubPc. J–V characteristics of hole only devices, i.e. devices with SubPc inserted between two high work function electrodes, show that the hole mobility in SubPc deposited onto CuI is higher than that in films deposited onto MoO3.